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| <title>Transform Iterator</title> |
| <meta name="author" content="David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, Thomas Witt" /> |
| <meta name="organization" content="Boost Consulting, Indiana University Open Systems Lab, University of Hanover Institute for Transport Railway Operation and Construction" /> |
| <meta name="date" content="2006-09-11" /> |
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| <div class="document" id="transform-iterator"> |
| <h1 class="title">Transform Iterator</h1> |
| <table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="docinfo-name" /> |
| <col class="docinfo-content" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th> |
| <td>David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, Thomas Witt</td></tr> |
| <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Contact:</th> |
| <td><a class="first reference external" href="mailto:dave@boost-consulting.com">dave@boost-consulting.com</a>, <a class="reference external" href="mailto:jsiek@osl.iu.edu">jsiek@osl.iu.edu</a>, <a class="last reference external" href="mailto:witt@ive.uni-hannover.de">witt@ive.uni-hannover.de</a></td></tr> |
| <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Organization:</th> |
| <td><a class="first reference external" href="http://www.boost-consulting.com">Boost Consulting</a>, Indiana University <a class="reference external" href="http://www.osl.iu.edu">Open Systems |
| Lab</a>, University of Hanover <a class="last reference external" href="http://www.ive.uni-hannover.de">Institute for Transport |
| Railway Operation and Construction</a></td></tr> |
| <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Date:</th> |
| <td>2006-09-11</td></tr> |
| <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Copyright:</th> |
| <td>Copyright David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, and Thomas Witt 2003.</td></tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <!-- Distributed under the Boost --> |
| <!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying --> |
| <!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) --> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">abstract:</th><td class="field-body"><!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost --> |
| <!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying --> |
| <!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) --> |
| The transform iterator adapts an iterator by modifying the |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator*</span></tt> to apply a function object to the result of |
| dereferencing the iterator and returning the result.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <div class="contents topic" id="table-of-contents"> |
| <p class="topic-title first">Table of Contents</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><a class="reference internal" href="#transform-iterator-synopsis" id="id2"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> synopsis</a></li> |
| <li><a class="reference internal" href="#transform-iterator-requirements" id="id3"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> requirements</a></li> |
| <li><a class="reference internal" href="#transform-iterator-models" id="id4"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models</a></li> |
| <li><a class="reference internal" href="#transform-iterator-operations" id="id5"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> operations</a></li> |
| <li><a class="reference internal" href="#example" id="id6">Example</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="transform-iterator-synopsis"> |
| <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> synopsis</a></h1> |
| <!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost --> |
| <!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying --> |
| <!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) --> |
| <!-- Version 1.3 of this document was accepted for TR1 --> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| template <class UnaryFunction, |
| class Iterator, |
| class Reference = use_default, |
| class Value = use_default> |
| class transform_iterator |
| { |
| public: |
| typedef /* see below */ value_type; |
| typedef /* see below */ reference; |
| typedef /* see below */ pointer; |
| typedef iterator_traits<Iterator>::difference_type difference_type; |
| typedef /* see below */ iterator_category; |
| |
| transform_iterator(); |
| transform_iterator(Iterator const& x, UnaryFunction f); |
| |
| template<class F2, class I2, class R2, class V2> |
| transform_iterator( |
| transform_iterator<F2, I2, R2, V2> const& t |
| , typename enable_if_convertible<I2, Iterator>::type* = 0 // exposition only |
| , typename enable_if_convertible<F2, UnaryFunction>::type* = 0 // exposition only |
| ); |
| UnaryFunction functor() const; |
| Iterator const& base() const; |
| reference operator*() const; |
| transform_iterator& operator++(); |
| transform_iterator& operator--(); |
| private: |
| Iterator m_iterator; // exposition only |
| UnaryFunction m_f; // exposition only |
| }; |
| </pre> |
| <p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Reference</span></tt> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_default</span></tt> then the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reference</span></tt> member of |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> is |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">result_of<const UnaryFunction(iterator_traits<Iterator>::reference)>::type</span></tt>. |
| Otherwise, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reference</span></tt> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Reference</span></tt>.</p> |
| <p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Value</span></tt> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_default</span></tt> then the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value_type</span></tt> member is |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remove_cv<remove_reference<reference></span> <span class="pre">>::type</span></tt>. Otherwise, |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value_type</span></tt> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Value</span></tt>.</p> |
| <p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> models Readable Lvalue Iterator and if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> |
| models Random Access Traversal Iterator, then <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_category</span></tt> is |
| convertible to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">random_access_iterator_tag</span></tt>. Otherwise, if |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> models Bidirectional Traversal Iterator, then |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_category</span></tt> is convertible to |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bidirectional_iterator_tag</span></tt>. Otherwise <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_category</span></tt> is |
| convertible to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">forward_iterator_tag</span></tt>. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> does not |
| model Readable Lvalue Iterator then <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_category</span></tt> is |
| convertible to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">input_iterator_tag</span></tt>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="transform-iterator-requirements"> |
| <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> requirements</a></h1> |
| <p>The type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UnaryFunction</span></tt> must be Assignable, Copy Constructible, and |
| the expression <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(*i)</span></tt> must be valid where <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span></tt> is a const object of |
| type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UnaryFunction</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">i</span></tt> is an object of type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt>, and |
| where the type of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(*i)</span></tt> must be |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">result_of<const UnaryFunction(iterator_traits<Iterator>::reference)>::type</span></tt>.</p> |
| <p>The argument <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> shall model Readable Iterator.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="transform-iterator-models"> |
| <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models</a></h1> |
| <p>The resulting <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models the most refined of the |
| following that is also modeled by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt>.</p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li>Writable Lvalue Iterator if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator::reference</span></tt> is a non-const reference.</li> |
| <li>Readable Lvalue Iterator if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator::reference</span></tt> is a const reference.</li> |
| <li>Readable Iterator otherwise.</li> |
| </ul> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models the most refined standard traversal |
| concept that is modeled by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> argument.</p> |
| <p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> is a model of Readable Lvalue Iterator then |
| it models the following original iterator concepts depending on what |
| the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> argument models.</p> |
| <table border="1" class="docutils"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col width="47%" /> |
| <col width="53%" /> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead valign="bottom"> |
| <tr><th class="head">If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt> models</th> |
| <th class="head">then <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr><td>Single Pass Iterator</td> |
| <td>Input Iterator</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td>Forward Traversal Iterator</td> |
| <td>Forward Iterator</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td>Bidirectional Traversal Iterator</td> |
| <td>Bidirectional Iterator</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td>Random Access Traversal Iterator</td> |
| <td>Random Access Iterator</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> models Writable Lvalue Iterator then it is a |
| mutable iterator (as defined in the old iterator requirements).</p> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator<F1,</span> <span class="pre">X,</span> <span class="pre">R1,</span> <span class="pre">V1></span></tt> is interoperable with |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator<F2,</span> <span class="pre">Y,</span> <span class="pre">R2,</span> <span class="pre">V2></span></tt> if and only if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">X</span></tt> is |
| interoperable with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Y</span></tt>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="transform-iterator-operations"> |
| <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> operations</a></h1> |
| <p>In addition to the operations required by the concepts modeled by |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> provides the following |
| operations.</p> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator();</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt> |
| and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> default constructed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator(Iterator</span> <span class="pre">const&</span> <span class="pre">x,</span> <span class="pre">UnaryFunction</span> <span class="pre">f);</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt> |
| initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| template<class F2, class I2, class R2, class V2> |
| transform_iterator( |
| transform_iterator<F2, I2, R2, V2> const& t |
| , typename enable_if_convertible<I2, Iterator>::type* = 0 // exposition only |
| , typename enable_if_convertible<F2, UnaryFunction>::type* = 0 // exposition only |
| ); |
| </pre> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt> |
| initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">t.functor()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> initialized to |
| <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">t.base()</span></tt>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Requires:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OtherIterator</span></tt> is implicitly convertible to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span></tt>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UnaryFunction</span> <span class="pre">functor()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Iterator</span> <span class="pre">const&</span> <span class="pre">base()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reference</span> <span class="pre">operator*()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f(*m_iterator)</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator&</span> <span class="pre">operator++();</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Effects:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">++m_iterator</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">*this</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator&</span> <span class="pre">operator--();</span></tt></p> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Effects:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--m_iterator</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">*this</span></tt></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost --> |
| <!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying --> |
| <!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) --> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| template <class UnaryFunction, class Iterator> |
| transform_iterator<UnaryFunction, Iterator> |
| make_transform_iterator(Iterator it, UnaryFunction fun); |
| </pre> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator<UnaryFunction,</span> <span class="pre">Iterator></span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt> |
| initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| template <class UnaryFunction, class Iterator> |
| transform_iterator<UnaryFunction, Iterator> |
| make_transform_iterator(Iterator it); |
| </pre> |
| <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| <col class="field-name" /> |
| <col class="field-body" /> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator<UnaryFunction,</span> <span class="pre">Iterator></span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_f</span></tt> |
| default constructed and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> initialized to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost --> |
| <!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying --> |
| <!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) --> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="example"> |
| <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Example</a></h1> |
| <p>This is a simple example of using the transform_iterators class to |
| generate iterators that multiply (or add to) the value returned by |
| dereferencing the iterator. It would be cooler to use lambda library |
| in this example.</p> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| int x[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }; |
| const int N = sizeof(x)/sizeof(int); |
| |
| typedef boost::binder1st< std::multiplies<int> > Function; |
| typedef boost::transform_iterator<Function, int*> doubling_iterator; |
| |
| doubling_iterator i(x, boost::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2)), |
| i_end(x + N, boost::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2)); |
| |
| std::cout << "multiplying the array by 2:" << std::endl; |
| while (i != i_end) |
| std::cout << *i++ << " "; |
| std::cout << std::endl; |
| |
| std::cout << "adding 4 to each element in the array:" << std::endl; |
| std::copy(boost::make_transform_iterator(x, boost::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)), |
| boost::make_transform_iterator(x + N, boost::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)), |
| std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " ")); |
| std::cout << std::endl; |
| </pre> |
| <p>The output is:</p> |
| <pre class="literal-block"> |
| multiplying the array by 2: |
| 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 |
| adding 4 to each element in the array: |
| 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 |
| </pre> |
| <p>The source code for this example can be found <a class="reference external" href="../example/transform_iterator_example.cpp">here</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
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