Third robot commit.

All tests pass!

Change-Id: I086248537f075fd06afdfb3e94670eb7646aaf6c
diff --git a/y2016_bot3/control_loops/python/intake.py b/y2016_bot3/control_loops/python/intake.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..fa34063
--- /dev/null
+++ b/y2016_bot3/control_loops/python/intake.py
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+from aos.common.util.trapezoid_profile import TrapezoidProfile
+from frc971.control_loops.python import control_loop
+from frc971.control_loops.python import controls
+import numpy
+import sys
+import matplotlib
+from matplotlib import pylab
+import gflags
+import glog
+
+FLAGS = gflags.FLAGS
+
+try:
+  gflags.DEFINE_bool('plot', False, 'If true, plot the loop response.')
+except gflags.DuplicateFlagError:
+  pass
+
+class Intake(control_loop.ControlLoop):
+  def __init__(self, name="Intake"):
+    super(Intake, self).__init__(name)
+    # TODO(constants): Update all of these & retune poles.
+    # Stall Torque in N m
+    self.stall_torque = 0.71
+    # Stall Current in Amps
+    self.stall_current = 134
+    # Free Speed in RPM
+    self.free_speed = 18730
+    # Free Current in Amps
+    self.free_current = 0.7
+
+    # Resistance of the motor
+    self.R = 12.0 / self.stall_current
+    # Motor velocity constant
+    self.Kv = ((self.free_speed / 60.0 * 2.0 * numpy.pi) /
+               (12.0 - self.R * self.free_current))
+    # Torque constant
+    self.Kt = self.stall_torque / self.stall_current
+    # Gear ratio
+    self.G = (56.0 / 12.0) * (54.0 / 14.0) * (64.0 / 18.0) * (48.0 / 16.0)
+
+    # Moment of inertia, measured in CAD.
+    # Extra mass to compensate for friction is added on.
+    self.J = 0.34 + 0.40
+
+    # Control loop time step
+    self.dt = 0.005
+
+    # State is [position, velocity]
+    # Input is [Voltage]
+
+    C1 = self.G * self.G * self.Kt / (self.R  * self.J * self.Kv)
+    C2 = self.Kt * self.G / (self.J * self.R)
+
+    self.A_continuous = numpy.matrix(
+        [[0, 1],
+         [0, -C1]])
+
+    # Start with the unmodified input
+    self.B_continuous = numpy.matrix(
+        [[0],
+         [C2]])
+
+    self.C = numpy.matrix([[1, 0]])
+    self.D = numpy.matrix([[0]])
+
+    self.A, self.B = self.ContinuousToDiscrete(
+        self.A_continuous, self.B_continuous, self.dt)
+
+    controllability = controls.ctrb(self.A, self.B)
+
+    glog.debug("Free speed is %f", self.free_speed * numpy.pi * 2.0 / 60.0 / self.G)
+
+    q_pos = 0.20
+    q_vel = 5.0
+    self.Q = numpy.matrix([[(1.0 / (q_pos ** 2.0)), 0.0],
+                           [0.0, (1.0 / (q_vel ** 2.0))]])
+
+    self.R = numpy.matrix([[(1.0 / (12.0 ** 2.0))]])
+    self.K = controls.dlqr(self.A, self.B, self.Q, self.R)
+
+    q_pos_ff = 0.005
+    q_vel_ff = 1.0
+    self.Qff = numpy.matrix([[(1.0 / (q_pos_ff ** 2.0)), 0.0],
+                             [0.0, (1.0 / (q_vel_ff ** 2.0))]])
+
+    self.Kff = controls.TwoStateFeedForwards(self.B, self.Qff)
+
+    glog.debug('K %s', repr(self.K))
+    glog.debug('Poles are %s',
+              repr(numpy.linalg.eig(self.A - self.B * self.K)[0]))
+
+    self.rpl = 0.30
+    self.ipl = 0.10
+    self.PlaceObserverPoles([self.rpl + 1j * self.ipl,
+                             self.rpl - 1j * self.ipl])
+
+    glog.debug('L is %s', repr(self.L))
+
+    q_pos = 0.10
+    q_vel = 1.65
+    self.Q = numpy.matrix([[(q_pos ** 2.0), 0.0],
+                           [0.0, (q_vel ** 2.0)]])
+
+    r_volts = 0.025
+    self.R = numpy.matrix([[(r_volts ** 2.0)]])
+
+    self.KalmanGain, self.Q_steady = controls.kalman(
+        A=self.A, B=self.B, C=self.C, Q=self.Q, R=self.R)
+
+    glog.debug('Kal %s', repr(self.KalmanGain))
+    self.L = self.A * self.KalmanGain
+    glog.debug('KalL is %s', repr(self.L))
+
+    # The box formed by U_min and U_max must encompass all possible values,
+    # or else Austin's code gets angry.
+    self.U_max = numpy.matrix([[12.0]])
+    self.U_min = numpy.matrix([[-12.0]])
+
+    self.InitializeState()
+
+class IntegralIntake(Intake):
+  def __init__(self, name="IntegralIntake"):
+    super(IntegralIntake, self).__init__(name=name)
+
+    self.A_continuous_unaugmented = self.A_continuous
+    self.B_continuous_unaugmented = self.B_continuous
+
+    self.A_continuous = numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((3, 3)))
+    self.A_continuous[0:2, 0:2] = self.A_continuous_unaugmented
+    self.A_continuous[0:2, 2] = self.B_continuous_unaugmented
+
+    self.B_continuous = numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((3, 1)))
+    self.B_continuous[0:2, 0] = self.B_continuous_unaugmented
+
+    self.C_unaugmented = self.C
+    self.C = numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 3)))
+    self.C[0:1, 0:2] = self.C_unaugmented
+
+    self.A, self.B = self.ContinuousToDiscrete(
+        self.A_continuous, self.B_continuous, self.dt)
+
+    q_pos = 0.12
+    q_vel = 2.00
+    q_voltage = 4.0
+    self.Q = numpy.matrix([[(q_pos ** 2.0), 0.0, 0.0],
+                           [0.0, (q_vel ** 2.0), 0.0],
+                           [0.0, 0.0, (q_voltage ** 2.0)]])
+
+    r_pos = 0.05
+    self.R = numpy.matrix([[(r_pos ** 2.0)]])
+
+    self.KalmanGain, self.Q_steady = controls.kalman(
+        A=self.A, B=self.B, C=self.C, Q=self.Q, R=self.R)
+    self.L = self.A * self.KalmanGain
+
+    self.K_unaugmented = self.K
+    self.K = numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 3)))
+    self.K[0, 0:2] = self.K_unaugmented
+    self.K[0, 2] = 1
+
+    self.Kff = numpy.concatenate((self.Kff, numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 1)))), axis=1)
+
+    self.InitializeState()
+
+class ScenarioPlotter(object):
+  def __init__(self):
+    # Various lists for graphing things.
+    self.t = []
+    self.x = []
+    self.v = []
+    self.a = []
+    self.x_hat = []
+    self.u = []
+    self.offset = []
+
+  def run_test(self, intake, end_goal,
+             controller_intake,
+             observer_intake=None,
+             iterations=200):
+    """Runs the intake plant with an initial condition and goal.
+
+      Args:
+        intake: intake object to use.
+        end_goal: end_goal state.
+        controller_intake: Intake object to get K from, or None if we should
+            use intake.
+        observer_intake: Intake object to use for the observer, or None if we should
+            use the actual state.
+        iterations: Number of timesteps to run the model for.
+    """
+
+    if controller_intake is None:
+      controller_intake = intake
+
+    vbat = 12.0
+
+    if self.t:
+      initial_t = self.t[-1] + intake.dt
+    else:
+      initial_t = 0
+
+    goal = numpy.concatenate((intake.X, numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 1)))), axis=0)
+
+    profile = TrapezoidProfile(intake.dt)
+    profile.set_maximum_acceleration(70.0)
+    profile.set_maximum_velocity(10.0)
+    profile.SetGoal(goal[0, 0])
+
+    U_last = numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 1)))
+    for i in xrange(iterations):
+      observer_intake.Y = intake.Y
+      observer_intake.CorrectObserver(U_last)
+
+      self.offset.append(observer_intake.X_hat[2, 0])
+      self.x_hat.append(observer_intake.X_hat[0, 0])
+
+      next_goal = numpy.concatenate(
+          (profile.Update(end_goal[0, 0], end_goal[1, 0]),
+           numpy.matrix(numpy.zeros((1, 1)))),
+          axis=0)
+
+      ff_U = controller_intake.Kff * (next_goal - observer_intake.A * goal)
+
+      U_uncapped = controller_intake.K * (goal - observer_intake.X_hat) + ff_U
+      U = U_uncapped.copy()
+      U[0, 0] = numpy.clip(U[0, 0], -vbat, vbat)
+      self.x.append(intake.X[0, 0])
+
+      if self.v:
+        last_v = self.v[-1]
+      else:
+        last_v = 0
+
+      self.v.append(intake.X[1, 0])
+      self.a.append((self.v[-1] - last_v) / intake.dt)
+
+      offset = 0.0
+      if i > 100:
+        offset = 2.0
+      intake.Update(U + offset)
+
+      observer_intake.PredictObserver(U)
+
+      self.t.append(initial_t + i * intake.dt)
+      self.u.append(U[0, 0])
+
+      ff_U -= U_uncapped - U
+      goal = controller_intake.A * goal + controller_intake.B * ff_U
+
+      if U[0, 0] != U_uncapped[0, 0]:
+        profile.MoveCurrentState(
+            numpy.matrix([[goal[0, 0]], [goal[1, 0]]]))
+
+    glog.debug('Time: %f', self.t[-1])
+    glog.debug('goal_error %s', repr(end_goal - goal))
+    glog.debug('error %s', repr(observer_intake.X_hat - end_goal))
+
+  def Plot(self):
+    pylab.subplot(3, 1, 1)
+    pylab.plot(self.t, self.x, label='x')
+    pylab.plot(self.t, self.x_hat, label='x_hat')
+    pylab.legend()
+
+    pylab.subplot(3, 1, 2)
+    pylab.plot(self.t, self.u, label='u')
+    pylab.plot(self.t, self.offset, label='voltage_offset')
+    pylab.legend()
+
+    pylab.subplot(3, 1, 3)
+    pylab.plot(self.t, self.a, label='a')
+    pylab.legend()
+
+    pylab.show()
+
+
+def main(argv):
+  argv = FLAGS(argv)
+  glog.init()
+
+  scenario_plotter = ScenarioPlotter()
+
+  intake = Intake()
+  intake_controller = IntegralIntake()
+  observer_intake = IntegralIntake()
+
+  # Test moving the intake with constant separation.
+  initial_X = numpy.matrix([[0.0], [0.0]])
+  R = numpy.matrix([[numpy.pi/2.0], [0.0], [0.0]])
+  scenario_plotter.run_test(intake, end_goal=R,
+                            controller_intake=intake_controller,
+                            observer_intake=observer_intake, iterations=200)
+
+  if FLAGS.plot:
+    scenario_plotter.Plot()
+
+  # Write the generated constants out to a file.
+  if len(argv) != 5:
+    glog.fatal('Expected .h file name and .cc file name for the intake and integral intake.')
+  else:
+    namespaces = ['y2016_bot3', 'control_loops', 'intake']
+    intake = Intake("Intake")
+    loop_writer = control_loop.ControlLoopWriter('Intake', [intake],
+                                                 namespaces=namespaces)
+    loop_writer.Write(argv[1], argv[2])
+
+    integral_intake = IntegralIntake("IntegralIntake")
+    integral_loop_writer = control_loop.ControlLoopWriter("IntegralIntake", [integral_intake],
+                                                          namespaces=namespaces)
+    integral_loop_writer.Write(argv[3], argv[4])
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  sys.exit(main(sys.argv))