Correct hood zeroing calculations

Used trig to find screw length based on hood angle, preventing incorrect
estops. Calculations based on
https://slack-files.com/T2752T5SA-F02JJ39RY03-f83f22b78d

Change-Id: I8a143d6dfe6476a4a57b702f9bd93cad5c6b9262
Signed-off-by: milind-u <milind.upadhyay@gmail.com>
diff --git a/frc971/control_loops/static_zeroing_single_dof_profiled_subsystem.h b/frc971/control_loops/static_zeroing_single_dof_profiled_subsystem.h
index 948ed5d..126502b 100644
--- a/frc971/control_loops/static_zeroing_single_dof_profiled_subsystem.h
+++ b/frc971/control_loops/static_zeroing_single_dof_profiled_subsystem.h
@@ -39,11 +39,12 @@
 
 // Class for controlling and motion profiling a single degree of freedom
 // subsystem with a zeroing strategy of not moving.
-template <typename TZeroingEstimator, typename TProfiledJointStatus>
+template <typename TZeroingEstimator, typename TProfiledJointStatus,
+          typename TSubsystemParams = TZeroingEstimator>
 class StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem {
  public:
   StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem(
-      const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<TZeroingEstimator>
+      const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<TSubsystemParams>
           &params);
 
   using ZeroingEstimator = TZeroingEstimator;
@@ -99,16 +100,18 @@
   State state_ = State::UNINITIALIZED;
   double min_position_, max_position_;
 
-  const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<ZeroingEstimator> params_;
+  const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<TSubsystemParams> params_;
 
   ::frc971::control_loops::SingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator>
       profiled_subsystem_;
 };
 
-template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus>
-StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator, ProfiledJointStatus>::
+template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus,
+          typename SubsystemParams>
+StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator, ProfiledJointStatus,
+                                        SubsystemParams>::
     StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem(
-        const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<ZeroingEstimator>
+        const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<SubsystemParams>
             &params)
     : params_(params),
       profiled_subsystem_(
@@ -122,18 +125,21 @@
   Reset();
 };
 
-template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus>
-void StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator,
-                                             ProfiledJointStatus>::Reset() {
+template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus,
+          typename SubsystemParams>
+void StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<
+    ZeroingEstimator, ProfiledJointStatus, SubsystemParams>::Reset() {
   state_ = State::UNINITIALIZED;
   clear_min_position();
   clear_max_position();
   profiled_subsystem_.Reset();
 }
 
-template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus>
+template <typename ZeroingEstimator, typename ProfiledJointStatus,
+          typename SubsystemParams>
 flatbuffers::Offset<ProfiledJointStatus>
-StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator, ProfiledJointStatus>::
+StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<ZeroingEstimator, ProfiledJointStatus,
+                                        SubsystemParams>::
     Iterate(const StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemGoal *goal,
             const typename ZeroingEstimator::Position *position, double *output,
             flatbuffers::FlatBufferBuilder *status_fbb) {
diff --git a/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.cc b/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.cc
index 0645d43..40b0519 100644
--- a/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.cc
+++ b/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.cc
@@ -35,6 +35,15 @@
   error_ = false;
 }
 
+double
+AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator::AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(
+    const PositionStruct &sample) const {
+  return UnWrap(constants_.single_turn_middle_position,
+                sample.single_turn_absolute_encoder -
+                    constants_.single_turn_measured_absolute_position,
+                constants_.single_turn_one_revolution_distance);
+}
+
 // So, this needs to be a multistep process. We need to first estimate the
 // offset between the absolute encoder and the relative encoder. That process
 // should get us an absolute number which is off by integer multiples of the
@@ -137,10 +146,7 @@
     }
 
     const double adjusted_single_turn_absolute_encoder =
-        UnWrap(constants_.single_turn_middle_position,
-               sample.single_turn_absolute_encoder -
-                   constants_.single_turn_measured_absolute_position,
-               constants_.single_turn_one_revolution_distance);
+        AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(sample);
 
     // Now compute the offset between the pot and relative encoder.
     if (offset_samples_.size() < constants_.average_filter_size) {
diff --git a/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.h b/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.h
index dd2190d..499f7d1 100644
--- a/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.h
+++ b/frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
   virtual flatbuffers::Offset<State> GetEstimatorState(
       flatbuffers::FlatBufferBuilder *fbb) const override;
 
- private:
+ protected:
   struct PositionStruct {
     PositionStruct(const AbsoluteAndAbsolutePosition &position_buffer)
         : single_turn_absolute_encoder(
@@ -60,6 +60,12 @@
     double encoder;
   };
 
+  // Returns an adjusted single turn absolute encoder reading.
+  // Filled in by default but can be overriden.
+  virtual double AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(
+      const PositionStruct &sample) const;
+
+ private:
   // The zeroing constants used to describe the configuration of the system.
   const constants::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingConstants constants_;
 
diff --git a/y2020/constants.cc b/y2020/constants.cc
index 1ef9073..80448e8 100644
--- a/y2020/constants.cc
+++ b/y2020/constants.cc
@@ -28,9 +28,10 @@
   ::frc971::control_loops::StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<
       ::frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator>
       *const hood = &r->hood;
+  Values::HoodGeometry *const hood_geometry = &r->hood_geometry;
 
-  // We found that the finisher velocity does not change ball velocity much, so
-  // keep it constant.
+  // We found that the finisher velocity does not change ball velocity much,
+  // so keep it constant.
   constexpr double kVelocityFinisher = 350.0;
   r->shot_interpolation_table =
       InterpolationTable<Values::ShotParams>({{1.0, {0.01, 10.7}},
@@ -80,6 +81,14 @@
   hood->zeroing_constants.measured_absolute_position = 0;
   hood->zeroing_constants.single_turn_measured_absolute_position = 0;
 
+  constexpr double kDegToRad = M_PI / 180.0;
+  constexpr double kMmToM = 1.0 / 1000.0;
+  hood_geometry->theta_0 = 22.98004 * kDegToRad;
+  hood_geometry->screw_length_0 = 110.33888 * kMmToM;
+  hood_geometry->radius = 269.6262 * kMmToM;
+  hood_geometry->diagonal_length = 288.4353 * kMmToM;
+  hood_geometry->back_plate_diagonal_length = 22.86 * kMmToM;
+
   ::frc971::control_loops::StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<
       ::frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator> *const intake =
       &r->intake;
diff --git a/y2020/constants.h b/y2020/constants.h
index 9906ffd..9dfed44 100644
--- a/y2020/constants.h
+++ b/y2020/constants.h
@@ -44,16 +44,18 @@
   // Hood
   static constexpr double kHoodEncoderCountsPerRevolution() { return 4096.0; }
 
-  static constexpr double kHoodEncoderRatio() {
-    // TODO: This math is not quite right
-    // 10.211 in of travel gets you 1 radian on the output
-    const double radians_per_in_travel = 1.0 / 10.211;
+  // TODO: This math is not quite right
+  // 10.211 in of travel gets you 1 radian on the output
+  static constexpr double kHoodEncoderRadiansPerInTravel() {
+    return 1.0 / 10.211;
+  }
 
+  static constexpr double kHoodEncoderRatio() {
     // one turn on the leadscrew gets you 0.5 in travel
     const double in_travel_per_radian = 0.5 / (2.0 * M_PI);
 
     // units reduce; radians on the encoder * this number = radians on the hood
-    return in_travel_per_radian * radians_per_in_travel;
+    return in_travel_per_radian * kHoodEncoderRadiansPerInTravel();
   }
 
   static constexpr double kHoodSingleTurnEncoderRatio() { return 8.0 / 72.0; }
@@ -73,10 +75,25 @@
     };
   }
 
+  struct HoodGeometry {
+    // Measurements for hood zeroing calculations (all lengths in meters and
+    // angles in radians)
+
+    // Measurements when hood is at 0
+    double theta_0;
+    double screw_length_0;
+
+    double radius;
+    double diagonal_length;
+    double back_plate_diagonal_length;
+  };
+
   ::frc971::control_loops::StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystemParams<
       ::frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator>
       hood;
 
+  HoodGeometry hood_geometry;
+
   // Intake
   static constexpr double kIntakeEncoderCountsPerRevolution() { return 4096.0; }
 
diff --git a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/BUILD b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/BUILD
index 100d90c..375e4b0 100644
--- a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/BUILD
+++ b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/BUILD
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
         "//y2020:constants",
         "//y2020/control_loops/superstructure/shooter",
         "//y2020/control_loops/superstructure/turret:aiming",
+        "//y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood:hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator",
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/BUILD b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/BUILD
index d0e5953..3035a55 100644
--- a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/BUILD
+++ b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/BUILD
@@ -32,3 +32,18 @@
         "//frc971/control_loops:state_feedback_loop",
     ],
 )
+
+cc_library(
+    name = "hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator",
+    srcs = [
+        "hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.cc",
+    ],
+    hdrs = [
+        "hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h",
+    ],
+    target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//os:linux"],
+    deps = [
+        "//frc971/zeroing:zeroing",
+        "//y2020:constants",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.cc b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb9351b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h"
+
+namespace y2020::control_loops::superstructure::hood {
+
+HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator::HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator(
+    const frc971::constants::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingConstants
+        &constants)
+    : AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator(constants),
+      hood_geometry_(constants::GetValues().hood_geometry) {
+  constants::InitValues();
+}
+
+double HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator::AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(
+    const AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator::PositionStruct &sample)
+    const {
+  // Using equation derived in
+  // https://slack-files.com/T2752T5SA-F02JJ39RY03-f83f22b78d
+  // In that equation, theta = theta, l = screw_length, b = diagonal_length,
+  // a = back_plate_diagonal_length, and r = radius.
+  const double theta =
+      frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator::
+          AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(sample) +
+      hood_geometry_.theta_0;
+
+  const double screw_length =
+      std::sqrt(std::pow(hood_geometry_.radius, 2) +
+                std::pow(hood_geometry_.diagonal_length, 2) -
+                (2 * hood_geometry_.radius * hood_geometry_.diagonal_length *
+                 std::cos(theta)) -
+                std::pow(hood_geometry_.back_plate_diagonal_length, 2)) -
+      hood_geometry_.screw_length_0;
+  constexpr double kMToIn = 39.3701;
+  const double adjusted_single_turn_absolute_encoder =
+      (screw_length * kMToIn) *
+      constants::Values::kHoodEncoderRadiansPerInTravel();
+
+  return adjusted_single_turn_absolute_encoder;
+}
+
+}  // namespace y2020::control_loops::superstructure::hood
diff --git a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..238154b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#include "frc971/zeroing/absolute_and_absolute_encoder.h"
+#include "y2020/constants.h"
+
+namespace y2020::control_loops::superstructure::hood {
+
+using AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator =
+    ::frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator;
+
+class HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator
+    : public AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator {
+ public:
+  HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator(
+      const frc971::constants::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingConstants
+          &constants);
+
+ private:
+  double AdjustedSingleTurnAbsoluteEncoder(
+      const AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator::PositionStruct &sample)
+      const override;
+
+  const constants::Values::HoodGeometry hood_geometry_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace y2020::control_loops::superstructure::hood
diff --git a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure.h b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure.h
index 8f3eb0a..3eb6cb2 100644
--- a/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure.h
+++ b/y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure.h
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "frc971/control_loops/drivetrain/drivetrain_status_generated.h"
 #include "frc971/input/joystick_state_generated.h"
 #include "y2020/constants.h"
+#include "y2020/control_loops/superstructure/hood/hood_encoder_zeroing_estimator.h"
 #include "y2020/control_loops/superstructure/shooter/shooter.h"
 #include "y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure_goal_generated.h"
 #include "y2020/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure_output_generated.h"
@@ -43,9 +44,10 @@
           ::frc971::control_loops::AbsoluteEncoderProfiledJointStatus>;
   using AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderSubsystem =
       ::frc971::control_loops::StaticZeroingSingleDOFProfiledSubsystem<
-          ::frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator,
+          hood::HoodEncoderZeroingEstimator,
           ::frc971::control_loops::
-              AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderProfiledJointStatus>;
+              AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderProfiledJointStatus,
+          frc971::zeroing::AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderZeroingEstimator>;
 
   const AbsoluteAndAbsoluteEncoderSubsystem &hood() const { return hood_; }
   const AbsoluteEncoderSubsystem &intake_joint() const { return intake_joint_; }