Solver with turret fixes and visualization

Converges generally well, but still has sensitivity to some parameters

In addition to turret and visualization, significant changes include:
-- Added quaternion parameterization for pivot_to_imu
-- Filtering out of bad gyro readings
-- Scaling of rotation error (residual)

Visualization tool is really just a set of helper routines to plot axes
in 3D space in a projected 2D virtual image

Change-Id: I03a6939b6b12df4b8116c30c617a1595781fe635
Signed-off-by: Jim Ostrowski <yimmy13@gmail.com>
diff --git a/y2022/vision/calibrate_extrinsics.cc b/y2022/vision/calibrate_extrinsics.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ae97c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/y2022/vision/calibrate_extrinsics.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+#include "Eigen/Dense"
+#include "Eigen/Geometry"
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+#include "aos/events/logging/log_reader.h"
+#include "aos/init.h"
+#include "aos/network/team_number.h"
+#include "aos/time/time.h"
+#include "aos/util/file.h"
+#include "frc971/control_loops/quaternion_utils.h"
+#include "frc971/vision/extrinsics_calibration.h"
+#include "frc971/vision/vision_generated.h"
+#include "frc971/wpilib/imu_batch_generated.h"
+#include "y2020/vision/sift/sift_generated.h"
+#include "y2020/vision/sift/sift_training_generated.h"
+#include "y2020/vision/tools/python_code/sift_training_data.h"
+#include "y2022/control_loops/superstructure/superstructure_status_generated.h"
+
+DEFINE_string(pi, "pi-7971-2", "Pi name to calibrate.");
+DEFINE_bool(plot, false, "Whether to plot the resulting data.");
+DEFINE_bool(visualize, false, "Whether to visualize the resulting data.");
+DEFINE_bool(turret, true, "If true, the camera is on the turret");
+
+namespace frc971 {
+namespace vision {
+namespace chrono = std::chrono;
+using aos::distributed_clock;
+using aos::monotonic_clock;
+
+// TODO(austin): Source of IMU data?  Is it the same?
+// TODO(austin): Intrinsics data?
+
+void Main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  CalibrationData data;
+
+  {
+    // Now, accumulate all the data into the data object.
+    aos::logger::LogReader reader(
+        aos::logger::SortParts(aos::logger::FindLogs(argc, argv)));
+
+    aos::SimulatedEventLoopFactory factory(reader.configuration());
+    reader.Register(&factory);
+
+    CHECK(aos::configuration::MultiNode(reader.configuration()));
+
+    // Find the nodes we care about.
+    const aos::Node *const imu_node =
+        aos::configuration::GetNode(factory.configuration(), "imu");
+    const aos::Node *const roborio_node =
+        aos::configuration::GetNode(factory.configuration(), "roborio");
+
+    std::optional<uint16_t> pi_number = aos::network::ParsePiNumber(FLAGS_pi);
+    CHECK(pi_number);
+    LOG(INFO) << "Pi " << *pi_number;
+    const aos::Node *const pi_node = aos::configuration::GetNode(
+        factory.configuration(), absl::StrCat("pi", *pi_number));
+
+    LOG(INFO) << "imu " << aos::FlatbufferToJson(imu_node);
+    LOG(INFO) << "roboRIO " << aos::FlatbufferToJson(roborio_node);
+    LOG(INFO) << "Pi " << aos::FlatbufferToJson(pi_node);
+
+    std::unique_ptr<aos::EventLoop> imu_event_loop =
+        factory.MakeEventLoop("calibration", imu_node);
+    std::unique_ptr<aos::EventLoop> roborio_event_loop =
+        factory.MakeEventLoop("calibration", roborio_node);
+    std::unique_ptr<aos::EventLoop> pi_event_loop =
+        factory.MakeEventLoop("calibration", pi_node);
+
+    // Now, hook Calibration up to everything.
+    Calibration extractor(&factory, pi_event_loop.get(), imu_event_loop.get(),
+                          FLAGS_pi, &data);
+
+    if (FLAGS_turret) {
+      aos::NodeEventLoopFactory *roborio_factory =
+          factory.GetNodeEventLoopFactory(roborio_node->name()->string_view());
+      roborio_event_loop->MakeWatcher(
+          "/superstructure",
+          [roborio_factory, roborio_event_loop = roborio_event_loop.get(),
+           &data](const y2022::control_loops::superstructure::Status &status) {
+            data.AddTurret(
+                roborio_factory->ToDistributedClock(
+                    roborio_event_loop->context().monotonic_event_time),
+                Eigen::Vector2d(status.turret()->position(),
+                                status.turret()->velocity()));
+          });
+    }
+
+    factory.Run();
+
+    reader.Deregister();
+  }
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "Done with event_loop running";
+  CHECK(data.imu_samples_size() > 0) << "Didn't get any IMU data";
+  CHECK(data.camera_samples_size() > 0) << "Didn't get any camera observations";
+
+  // And now we have it, we can start processing it.
+  const Eigen::Quaternion<double> nominal_initial_orientation(
+      frc971::controls::ToQuaternionFromRotationVector(
+          Eigen::Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, M_PI)));
+  const Eigen::Quaternion<double> nominal_pivot_to_camera(
+      Eigen::AngleAxisd(-0.5 * M_PI, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitX()));
+  const Eigen::Quaternion<double> nominal_pivot_to_imu(
+      Eigen::AngleAxisd(0.0, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitX()));
+  const Eigen::Quaternion<double> nominal_board_to_world(
+      Eigen::AngleAxisd(0.5 * M_PI, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitX()));
+  Eigen::Matrix<double, 6, 1> nominal_initial_state =
+      Eigen::Matrix<double, 6, 1>::Zero();
+  // Set x value to 0.5 m (center view on the board)
+  // nominal_initial_state(0, 0) = 0.5;
+  // Set y value to -1 m (approx distance from imu to board/world)
+  nominal_initial_state(1, 0) = -1.0;
+
+  CalibrationParameters calibration_parameters;
+  calibration_parameters.initial_orientation = nominal_initial_orientation;
+  calibration_parameters.pivot_to_camera = nominal_pivot_to_camera;
+  calibration_parameters.pivot_to_imu = nominal_pivot_to_imu;
+  calibration_parameters.board_to_world = nominal_board_to_world;
+  calibration_parameters.initial_state = nominal_initial_state;
+
+  // Show the inverse of pivot_to_camera, since camera_to_pivot tells where the
+  // camera is with respect to the pivot frame
+  const Eigen::Affine3d nominal_affine_pivot_to_camera =
+      Eigen::Translation3d(calibration_parameters.pivot_to_camera_translation) *
+      nominal_pivot_to_camera;
+  const Eigen::Quaterniond nominal_camera_to_pivot_rotation(
+      nominal_affine_pivot_to_camera.inverse().rotation());
+  const Eigen::Vector3d nominal_camera_to_pivot_translation(
+      nominal_affine_pivot_to_camera.inverse().translation());
+
+  if (data.turret_samples_size() > 0) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Have turret, so using pivot setup";
+    calibration_parameters.has_pivot = true;
+  }
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "Initial Conditions for solver.  Assumes:\n"
+            << "1) board origin is same as world, but rotated pi/2 about "
+               "x-axis, so z points out\n"
+            << "2) pivot origin matches imu origin\n"
+            << "3) camera is offset from pivot (depends on which camera)";
+
+  LOG(INFO)
+      << "Nominal initial_orientation of imu w.r.t. world (angle-axis vector): "
+      << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+             nominal_initial_orientation)
+             .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "Nominal initial_state: \n"
+            << "Position: "
+            << nominal_initial_state.block<3, 1>(0, 0).transpose() << "\n"
+            << "Velocity: "
+            << nominal_initial_state.block<3, 1>(3, 0).transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "Nominal pivot_to_imu (angle-axis vector) "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.pivot_to_imu)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "Nominal pivot_to_imu translation: "
+            << calibration_parameters.pivot_to_imu_translation.transpose();
+  // TODO<Jim>: Might be nice to take out the rotation component that maps into
+  // camera image coordinates (with x right, y down, z forward)
+  LOG(INFO) << "Nominal camera_to_pivot (angle-axis vector): "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   nominal_camera_to_pivot_rotation)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "Nominal camera_to_pivot translation: "
+            << nominal_camera_to_pivot_translation.transpose();
+
+  Solve(data, &calibration_parameters);
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "RESULTS OF CALIBRATION SOLVER:";
+  LOG(INFO) << "initial_orientation of imu w.r.t. world (angle-axis vector): "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.initial_orientation)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO)
+      << "initial_state: \n"
+      << "Position: "
+      << calibration_parameters.initial_state.block<3, 1>(0, 0).transpose()
+      << "\n"
+      << "Velocity: "
+      << calibration_parameters.initial_state.block<3, 1>(3, 0).transpose();
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "pivot_to_imu rotation (angle-axis vec) "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.pivot_to_imu)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "pivot_to_imu_translation "
+            << calibration_parameters.pivot_to_imu_translation.transpose();
+  const Eigen::Affine3d affine_pivot_to_camera =
+      Eigen::Translation3d(calibration_parameters.pivot_to_camera_translation) *
+      calibration_parameters.pivot_to_camera;
+  const Eigen::Quaterniond camera_to_pivot_rotation(
+      affine_pivot_to_camera.inverse().rotation());
+  const Eigen::Vector3d camera_to_pivot_translation(
+      affine_pivot_to_camera.inverse().translation());
+  LOG(INFO) << "camera to pivot (angle-axis vec): "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   camera_to_pivot_rotation)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "camera to pivot translation: "
+            << camera_to_pivot_translation.transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "board_to_world (rotation) "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.board_to_world)
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "accelerometer bias "
+            << calibration_parameters.accelerometer_bias.transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "gyro_bias " << calibration_parameters.gyro_bias.transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "gravity " << 9.81 * calibration_parameters.gravity_scalar;
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "pivot_to_camera change "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.pivot_to_camera *
+                   nominal_pivot_to_camera.inverse())
+                   .transpose();
+  LOG(INFO) << "board_to_world delta "
+            << frc971::controls::ToRotationVectorFromQuaternion(
+                   calibration_parameters.board_to_world *
+                   nominal_board_to_world.inverse())
+                   .transpose();
+
+  if (FLAGS_visualize) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Showing visualization";
+    Visualize(data, calibration_parameters);
+  }
+
+  if (FLAGS_plot) {
+    Plot(data, calibration_parameters);
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace vision
+}  // namespace frc971
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  aos::InitGoogle(&argc, &argv);
+
+  frc971::vision::Main(argc, argv);
+}