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+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2008 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+// A StringPiece points to part or all of a string, Cord, double-quoted string
+// literal, or other string-like object. A StringPiece does *not* own the
+// string to which it points. A StringPiece is not null-terminated.
+//
+// You can use StringPiece as a function or method parameter. A StringPiece
+// parameter can receive a double-quoted string literal argument, a "const
+// char*" argument, a string argument, or a StringPiece argument with no data
+// copying. Systematic use of StringPiece for arguments reduces data
+// copies and strlen() calls.
+//
+// Prefer passing StringPieces by value:
+// void MyFunction(StringPiece arg);
+// If circumstances require, you may also pass by const reference:
+// void MyFunction(const StringPiece& arg); // not preferred
+// Both of these have the same lifetime semantics. Passing by value
+// generates slightly smaller code. For more discussion, see the thread
+// go/stringpiecebyvalue on c-users.
+//
+// StringPiece is also suitable for local variables if you know that
+// the lifetime of the underlying object is longer than the lifetime
+// of your StringPiece variable.
+//
+// Beware of binding a StringPiece to a temporary:
+// StringPiece sp = obj.MethodReturningString(); // BAD: lifetime problem
+//
+// This code is okay:
+// string str = obj.MethodReturningString(); // str owns its contents
+// StringPiece sp(str); // GOOD, because str outlives sp
+//
+// StringPiece is sometimes a poor choice for a return value and usually a poor
+// choice for a data member. If you do use a StringPiece this way, it is your
+// responsibility to ensure that the object pointed to by the StringPiece
+// outlives the StringPiece.
+//
+// A StringPiece may represent just part of a string; thus the name "Piece".
+// For example, when splitting a string, vector<StringPiece> is a natural data
+// type for the output. For another example, a Cord is a non-contiguous,
+// potentially very long string-like object. The Cord class has an interface
+// that iteratively provides StringPiece objects that point to the
+// successive pieces of a Cord object.
+//
+// A StringPiece is not null-terminated. If you write code that scans a
+// StringPiece, you must check its length before reading any characters.
+// Common idioms that work on null-terminated strings do not work on
+// StringPiece objects.
+//
+// There are several ways to create a null StringPiece:
+// StringPiece()
+// StringPiece(NULL)
+// StringPiece(NULL, 0)
+// For all of the above, sp.data() == NULL, sp.length() == 0,
+// and sp.empty() == true. Also, if you create a StringPiece with
+// a non-NULL pointer then sp.data() != NULL. Once created,
+// sp.data() will stay either NULL or not-NULL, except if you call
+// sp.clear() or sp.set().
+//
+// Thus, you can use StringPiece(NULL) to signal an out-of-band value
+// that is different from other StringPiece values. This is similar
+// to the way that const char* p1 = NULL; is different from
+// const char* p2 = "";.
+//
+// There are many ways to create an empty StringPiece:
+// StringPiece()
+// StringPiece(NULL)
+// StringPiece(NULL, 0)
+// StringPiece("")
+// StringPiece("", 0)
+// StringPiece("abcdef", 0)
+// StringPiece("abcdef"+6, 0)
+// For all of the above, sp.length() will be 0 and sp.empty() will be true.
+// For some empty StringPiece values, sp.data() will be NULL.
+// For some empty StringPiece values, sp.data() will not be NULL.
+//
+// Be careful not to confuse: null StringPiece and empty StringPiece.
+// The set of empty StringPieces properly includes the set of null StringPieces.
+// That is, every null StringPiece is an empty StringPiece,
+// but some non-null StringPieces are empty Stringpieces too.
+//
+// All empty StringPiece values compare equal to each other.
+// Even a null StringPieces compares equal to a non-null empty StringPiece:
+// StringPiece() == StringPiece("", 0)
+// StringPiece(NULL) == StringPiece("abc", 0)
+// StringPiece(NULL, 0) == StringPiece("abcdef"+6, 0)
+//
+// Look carefully at this example:
+// StringPiece("") == NULL
+// True or false? TRUE, because StringPiece::operator== converts
+// the right-hand side from NULL to StringPiece(NULL),
+// and then compares two zero-length spans of characters.
+// However, we are working to make this example produce a compile error.
+//
+// Suppose you want to write:
+// bool TestWhat?(StringPiece sp) { return sp == NULL; } // BAD
+// Do not do that. Write one of these instead:
+// bool TestNull(StringPiece sp) { return sp.data() == NULL; }
+// bool TestEmpty(StringPiece sp) { return sp.empty(); }
+// The intent of TestWhat? is unclear. Did you mean TestNull or TestEmpty?
+// Right now, TestWhat? behaves likes TestEmpty.
+// We are working to make TestWhat? produce a compile error.
+// TestNull is good to test for an out-of-band signal.
+// TestEmpty is good to test for an empty StringPiece.
+//
+// Caveats (again):
+// (1) The lifetime of the pointed-to string (or piece of a string)
+// must be longer than the lifetime of the StringPiece.
+// (2) There may or may not be a '\0' character after the end of
+// StringPiece data.
+// (3) A null StringPiece is empty.
+// An empty StringPiece may or may not be a null StringPiece.
+
+#ifndef GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_STUBS_STRINGPIECE_H_
+#define GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_STUBS_STRINGPIECE_H_
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <iosfwd>
+#include <limits>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <google/protobuf/stubs/common.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/stubs/hash.h>
+
+namespace google {
+namespace protobuf {
+// StringPiece has *two* size types.
+// StringPiece::size_type
+// is unsigned
+// is 32 bits in LP32, 64 bits in LP64, 64 bits in LLP64
+// no future changes intended
+// stringpiece_ssize_type
+// is signed
+// is 32 bits in LP32, 64 bits in LP64, 64 bits in LLP64
+// future changes intended: http://go/64BitStringPiece
+//
+typedef string::difference_type stringpiece_ssize_type;
+
+// STRINGPIECE_CHECK_SIZE protects us from 32-bit overflows.
+// TODO(mec): delete this after stringpiece_ssize_type goes 64 bit.
+#if !defined(NDEBUG)
+#define STRINGPIECE_CHECK_SIZE 1
+#elif defined(_FORTIFY_SOURCE) && _FORTIFY_SOURCE > 0
+#define STRINGPIECE_CHECK_SIZE 1
+#else
+#define STRINGPIECE_CHECK_SIZE 0
+#endif
+
+class LIBPROTOBUF_EXPORT StringPiece {
+ private:
+ const char* ptr_;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type length_;
+
+ // Prevent overflow in debug mode or fortified mode.
+ // sizeof(stringpiece_ssize_type) may be smaller than sizeof(size_t).
+ static stringpiece_ssize_type CheckedSsizeTFromSizeT(size_t size) {
+#if STRINGPIECE_CHECK_SIZE > 0
+#ifdef max
+#undef max
+#endif
+ if (size > static_cast<size_t>(
+ std::numeric_limits<stringpiece_ssize_type>::max())) {
+ // Some people grep for this message in logs
+ // so take care if you ever change it.
+ LogFatalSizeTooBig(size, "size_t to int conversion");
+ }
+#endif
+ return static_cast<stringpiece_ssize_type>(size);
+ }
+
+ // Out-of-line error path.
+ static void LogFatalSizeTooBig(size_t size, const char* details);
+
+ public:
+ // We provide non-explicit singleton constructors so users can pass
+ // in a "const char*" or a "string" wherever a "StringPiece" is
+ // expected.
+ //
+ // Style guide exception granted:
+ // http://goto/style-guide-exception-20978288
+ StringPiece() : ptr_(NULL), length_(0) {}
+
+ StringPiece(const char* str) // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+ : ptr_(str), length_(0) {
+ if (str != NULL) {
+ length_ = CheckedSsizeTFromSizeT(strlen(str));
+ }
+ }
+
+ template <class Allocator>
+ StringPiece( // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+ const std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, Allocator>& str)
+ : ptr_(str.data()), length_(0) {
+ length_ = CheckedSsizeTFromSizeT(str.size());
+ }
+#if defined(HAS_GLOBAL_STRING)
+ template <class Allocator>
+ StringPiece( // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+ const basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, Allocator>& str)
+ : ptr_(str.data()), length_(0) {
+ length_ = CheckedSsizeTFromSizeT(str.size());
+ }
+#endif
+
+ StringPiece(const char* offset, stringpiece_ssize_type len)
+ : ptr_(offset), length_(len) {
+ assert(len >= 0);
+ }
+
+ // Substring of another StringPiece.
+ // pos must be non-negative and <= x.length().
+ StringPiece(StringPiece x, stringpiece_ssize_type pos);
+ // Substring of another StringPiece.
+ // pos must be non-negative and <= x.length().
+ // len must be non-negative and will be pinned to at most x.length() - pos.
+ StringPiece(StringPiece x,
+ stringpiece_ssize_type pos,
+ stringpiece_ssize_type len);
+
+ // data() may return a pointer to a buffer with embedded NULs, and the
+ // returned buffer may or may not be null terminated. Therefore it is
+ // typically a mistake to pass data() to a routine that expects a NUL
+ // terminated string.
+ const char* data() const { return ptr_; }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type size() const { return length_; }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type length() const { return length_; }
+ bool empty() const { return length_ == 0; }
+
+ void clear() {
+ ptr_ = NULL;
+ length_ = 0;
+ }
+
+ void set(const char* data, stringpiece_ssize_type len) {
+ assert(len >= 0);
+ ptr_ = data;
+ length_ = len;
+ }
+
+ void set(const char* str) {
+ ptr_ = str;
+ if (str != NULL)
+ length_ = CheckedSsizeTFromSizeT(strlen(str));
+ else
+ length_ = 0;
+ }
+
+ void set(const void* data, stringpiece_ssize_type len) {
+ ptr_ = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data);
+ length_ = len;
+ }
+
+ char operator[](stringpiece_ssize_type i) const {
+ assert(0 <= i);
+ assert(i < length_);
+ return ptr_[i];
+ }
+
+ void remove_prefix(stringpiece_ssize_type n) {
+ assert(length_ >= n);
+ ptr_ += n;
+ length_ -= n;
+ }
+
+ void remove_suffix(stringpiece_ssize_type n) {
+ assert(length_ >= n);
+ length_ -= n;
+ }
+
+ // returns {-1, 0, 1}
+ int compare(StringPiece x) const {
+ const stringpiece_ssize_type min_size =
+ length_ < x.length_ ? length_ : x.length_;
+ int r = memcmp(ptr_, x.ptr_, min_size);
+ if (r < 0) return -1;
+ if (r > 0) return 1;
+ if (length_ < x.length_) return -1;
+ if (length_ > x.length_) return 1;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ string as_string() const {
+ return ToString();
+ }
+ // We also define ToString() here, since many other string-like
+ // interfaces name the routine that converts to a C++ string
+ // "ToString", and it's confusing to have the method that does that
+ // for a StringPiece be called "as_string()". We also leave the
+ // "as_string()" method defined here for existing code.
+ string ToString() const {
+ if (ptr_ == NULL) return string();
+ return string(data(), size());
+ }
+
+ operator string() const {
+ return ToString();
+ }
+
+ void CopyToString(string* target) const;
+ void AppendToString(string* target) const;
+
+ bool starts_with(StringPiece x) const {
+ return (length_ >= x.length_) && (memcmp(ptr_, x.ptr_, x.length_) == 0);
+ }
+
+ bool ends_with(StringPiece x) const {
+ return ((length_ >= x.length_) &&
+ (memcmp(ptr_ + (length_-x.length_), x.ptr_, x.length_) == 0));
+ }
+
+ // Checks whether StringPiece starts with x and if so advances the beginning
+ // of it to past the match. It's basically a shortcut for starts_with
+ // followed by remove_prefix.
+ bool Consume(StringPiece x);
+ // Like above but for the end of the string.
+ bool ConsumeFromEnd(StringPiece x);
+
+ // standard STL container boilerplate
+ typedef char value_type;
+ typedef const char* pointer;
+ typedef const char& reference;
+ typedef const char& const_reference;
+ typedef size_t size_type;
+ typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+ static const size_type npos;
+ typedef const char* const_iterator;
+ typedef const char* iterator;
+ typedef std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator> const_reverse_iterator;
+ typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;
+ iterator begin() const { return ptr_; }
+ iterator end() const { return ptr_ + length_; }
+ const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const {
+ return const_reverse_iterator(ptr_ + length_);
+ }
+ const_reverse_iterator rend() const {
+ return const_reverse_iterator(ptr_);
+ }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type max_size() const { return length_; }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type capacity() const { return length_; }
+
+ // cpplint.py emits a false positive [build/include_what_you_use]
+ stringpiece_ssize_type copy(char* buf, size_type n, size_type pos = 0) const; // NOLINT
+
+ bool contains(StringPiece s) const;
+
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find(StringPiece s, size_type pos = 0) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find(char c, size_type pos = 0) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type rfind(StringPiece s, size_type pos = npos) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type rfind(char c, size_type pos = npos) const;
+
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_first_of(StringPiece s, size_type pos = 0) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_first_of(char c, size_type pos = 0) const {
+ return find(c, pos);
+ }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_first_not_of(StringPiece s,
+ size_type pos = 0) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_first_not_of(char c, size_type pos = 0) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_last_of(StringPiece s,
+ size_type pos = npos) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_last_of(char c, size_type pos = npos) const {
+ return rfind(c, pos);
+ }
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_last_not_of(StringPiece s,
+ size_type pos = npos) const;
+ stringpiece_ssize_type find_last_not_of(char c, size_type pos = npos) const;
+
+ StringPiece substr(size_type pos, size_type n = npos) const;
+};
+
+// This large function is defined inline so that in a fairly common case where
+// one of the arguments is a literal, the compiler can elide a lot of the
+// following comparisons.
+inline bool operator==(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ stringpiece_ssize_type len = x.size();
+ if (len != y.size()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return x.data() == y.data() || len <= 0 ||
+ memcmp(x.data(), y.data(), len) == 0;
+}
+
+inline bool operator!=(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ return !(x == y);
+}
+
+inline bool operator<(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ const stringpiece_ssize_type min_size =
+ x.size() < y.size() ? x.size() : y.size();
+ const int r = memcmp(x.data(), y.data(), min_size);
+ return (r < 0) || (r == 0 && x.size() < y.size());
+}
+
+inline bool operator>(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ return y < x;
+}
+
+inline bool operator<=(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ return !(x > y);
+}
+
+inline bool operator>=(StringPiece x, StringPiece y) {
+ return !(x < y);
+}
+
+// allow StringPiece to be logged
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, StringPiece piece);
+
+} // namespace protobuf
+} // namespace google
+
+GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_HASH_NAMESPACE_DECLARATION_START
+template<> struct hash<StringPiece> {
+ size_t operator()(const StringPiece& s) const {
+ size_t result = 0;
+ for (const char *str = s.data(), *end = str + s.size(); str < end; str++) {
+ result = 5 * result + *str;
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+};
+GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_HASH_NAMESPACE_DECLARATION_END
+
+#endif // STRINGS_STRINGPIECE_H_