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+// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
+// Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+// http://ceres-solver.org/
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+//   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be
+//   used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+//   specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Author: sameeragarwal@google.com (Sameer Agarwal)
+
+#ifndef CERES_INTERNAL_COORDINATE_DESCENT_MINIMIZER_H_
+#define CERES_INTERNAL_COORDINATE_DESCENT_MINIMIZER_H_
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "ceres/context_impl.h"
+#include "ceres/evaluator.h"
+#include "ceres/minimizer.h"
+#include "ceres/problem_impl.h"
+#include "ceres/solver.h"
+
+namespace ceres {
+namespace internal {
+
+class Program;
+class LinearSolver;
+
+// Given a Program, and a ParameterBlockOrdering which partitions
+// (non-exhaustively) the Hessian matrix into independent sets,
+// perform coordinate descent on the parameter blocks in the
+// ordering. The independent set structure allows for all parameter
+// blocks in the same independent set to be optimized in parallel, and
+// the order of the independent set determines the order in which the
+// parameter block groups are optimized.
+//
+// The minimizer assumes that none of the parameter blocks in the
+// program are constant.
+class CoordinateDescentMinimizer : public Minimizer {
+ public:
+  explicit CoordinateDescentMinimizer(ContextImpl* context);
+
+  bool Init(const Program& program,
+            const ProblemImpl::ParameterMap& parameter_map,
+            const ParameterBlockOrdering& ordering,
+            std::string* error);
+
+  // Minimizer interface.
+  virtual ~CoordinateDescentMinimizer();
+
+  virtual void Minimize(const Minimizer::Options& options,
+                        double* parameters,
+                        Solver::Summary* summary);
+
+  // Verify that each group in the ordering forms an independent set.
+  static bool IsOrderingValid(const Program& program,
+                              const ParameterBlockOrdering& ordering,
+                              std::string* message);
+
+  // Find a recursive decomposition of the Hessian matrix as a set
+  // of independent sets of decreasing size and invert it. This
+  // seems to work better in practice, i.e., Cameras before
+  // points.
+  static ParameterBlockOrdering* CreateOrdering(const Program& program);
+
+ private:
+  void Solve(Program* program,
+             LinearSolver* linear_solver,
+             double* parameters,
+             Solver::Summary* summary);
+
+  std::vector<ParameterBlock*> parameter_blocks_;
+  std::vector<std::vector<ResidualBlock*>> residual_blocks_;
+  // The optimization is performed in rounds. In each round all the
+  // parameter blocks that form one independent set are optimized in
+  // parallel. This array, marks the boundaries of the independent
+  // sets in parameter_blocks_.
+  std::vector<int> independent_set_offsets_;
+
+  Evaluator::Options evaluator_options_;
+
+  ContextImpl* context_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace ceres
+
+#endif  // CERES_INTERNAL_COORDINATE_DESCENT_MINIMIZER_H_