Create a library for serving static files

It serves files that are in a given directory, and this could be
extended to html files.

In order to validate the functionality we also added a simple
`ScoutingServer` that you can `Start()` and `Stop()`.  The unit test
makes use of this. The `main` binary that ties all the components
together also makes use of this.

See the README for an overview of everything we added in this patch.

Change-Id: Id496b032d6aa70fd8502eeb347895ac52b5d1ddd
Signed-off-by: Het Satasiya <satasiyahet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Philipp Schrader <philipp.schrader@gmail.com>
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/BUILD b/scouting/webserver/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff91aa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_binary", "go_library")
+
+go_library(
+    name = "webserver_lib",
+    srcs = ["main.go"],
+    importpath = "github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver",
+    target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//cpu:x86_64"],
+    visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
+    deps = [
+        "//scouting/webserver/server",
+        "//scouting/webserver/static",
+    ],
+)
+
+go_binary(
+    name = "webserver",
+    embed = [":webserver_lib"],
+    target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//cpu:x86_64"],
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+)
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/README.md b/scouting/webserver/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c2383b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+The scouting web server
+================================================================================
+
+This directory contains the code that combines to make the scouting web server.
+
+`main.go`
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This is the main application that brings all the pieces together. Run it like
+so:
+```bash
+bazel run //scouting/webserver:webserver
+```
+
+`server/`
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This directory contains the code that manages the web server itself. It's
+responsible for starting and stopping the server. It also exposes a `Handle()`
+method that lets other libraries enhance the server's functionality.
+
+`static/`
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This directory contains the code that serves static files at the root of the
+server. Make sure that none of the files you're serving clash with any of the
+paths used by the other libraries that enhance the server's functionality. E.g.
+if POST requests for match data are serviced at `/requests/xyz`, then don't
+serve any files in a `requests` directory.
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/main.go b/scouting/webserver/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aebeef9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/server"
+	"github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/static"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	portPtr := flag.Int("port", 8080, "The port number to bind to.")
+	dirPtr := flag.String("directory", ".", "The directory to serve at /.")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	scoutingServer := server.NewScoutingServer()
+	static.ServePages(scoutingServer, *dirPtr)
+	scoutingServer.Start(*portPtr)
+	fmt.Println("Serving", *dirPtr, "on port", *portPtr)
+
+	// Block until the user hits Ctrl-C.
+	sigint := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigint, syscall.SIGINT)
+	fmt.Println("Waiting for CTRL-C or SIGINT.")
+	<-sigint
+
+	fmt.Println("Shutting down.")
+	scoutingServer.Stop()
+	fmt.Println("Successfully shut down.")
+}
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/server/BUILD b/scouting/webserver/server/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ac56db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/server/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_library")
+
+go_library(
+    name = "server",
+    srcs = ["server.go"],
+    importpath = "github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/server",
+    target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//cpu:x86_64"],
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+)
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/server/server.go b/scouting/webserver/server/server.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff85794
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/server/server.go
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// This file implements a web server that can be used by the main scouting
+// application. It can also be used in unit tests for individual components of
+// the web server.
+
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type ScoutingServer interface {
+	// Add a handler for a particular path. See upstream docs for this:
+	// https://pkg.go.dev/net/http#ServeMux.Handle
+	Handle(string, http.Handler)
+	// Starts the server on the specified port. Handlers cannot be added
+	// once this function is called.
+	Start(int)
+	// Stops the server.
+	Stop()
+}
+
+// This is a collection of data we'll need to implement the ScoutingServer
+// interface.
+type scoutingServer struct {
+	mux        *http.ServeMux
+	httpServer *http.Server
+	doneChan   <-chan bool
+	// Denotes whether the server has ever been Start()ed before.
+	started bool
+	// Denotes whether or not the server is currently running.
+	running bool
+}
+
+// Instantiates a new ScoutingServer.
+func NewScoutingServer() ScoutingServer {
+	return &scoutingServer{
+		mux:        http.NewServeMux(),
+		httpServer: nil,
+		doneChan:   nil,
+		started:    false,
+		running:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+func (server *scoutingServer) Handle(path string, handler http.Handler) {
+	if server.started {
+		log.Fatal("Cannot add handlers once server has started.")
+	}
+	server.mux.Handle(path, handler)
+}
+
+func (server *scoutingServer) Start(port int) {
+	if server.started {
+		log.Fatal("Cannot Start() a server a second time.")
+	}
+	server.started = true
+	server.running = true
+
+	addressStr := fmt.Sprintf(":%d", port)
+	server.httpServer = &http.Server{
+		Addr:    addressStr,
+		Handler: server.mux,
+	}
+
+	doneChan := make(chan bool, 1)
+	server.doneChan = doneChan
+
+	// Start the server in the background since the ListenAndServe() call
+	// blocks.
+	go func() {
+		if err := server.httpServer.ListenAndServe(); err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Fatalf("Error calling ListenAndServe(): %v", err)
+		}
+		close(doneChan)
+	}()
+
+	// Wait until the server is ready.
+	for {
+		dial, err := net.Dial("tcp", addressStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+		} else {
+			dial.Close()
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (server *scoutingServer) Stop() {
+	if !server.running {
+		log.Fatal("Cannot Stop() a server that's not running.")
+	}
+	server.running = false
+
+	if err := server.httpServer.Shutdown(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error shutting down the server: %v", err)
+	}
+	<-server.doneChan
+}
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/static/BUILD b/scouting/webserver/static/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..008d719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/static/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
+
+go_library(
+    name = "static",
+    srcs = ["static.go"],
+    importpath = "github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/static",
+    target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//cpu:x86_64"],
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+    deps = ["//scouting/webserver/server"],
+)
+
+go_test(
+    name = "static_test",
+    srcs = ["static_test.go"],
+    data = [
+        "test_pages/page.txt",
+        "test_pages/root.txt",
+    ],
+    embed = [":static"],
+    deps = ["//scouting/webserver/server"],
+)
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/static/static.go b/scouting/webserver/static/static.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e921b0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/static/static.go
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package static
+
+// A year agnostic way to serve static http files.
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/server"
+)
+
+// Serve pages given a port, directory to serve from, and an channel to pass the errors back to the caller.
+func ServePages(scoutingServer server.ScoutingServer, directory string) {
+	// Serve the / endpoint given a folder of pages.
+	scoutingServer.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(directory)))
+}
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/static/static_test.go b/scouting/webserver/static/static_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15bd872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/static/static_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package static
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/frc971/971-Robot-Code/scouting/webserver/server"
+)
+
+func TestServing(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		// The path to request from the server.
+		path string
+		// The data that the server is expected to return at the
+		// specified path.
+		expectedData string
+	}{
+		{"/root.txt", "Hello, this is the root page!"},
+		{"/page.txt", "Hello from a page!"},
+	}
+
+	scoutingServer := server.NewScoutingServer()
+	ServePages(scoutingServer, "test_pages")
+	scoutingServer.Start(8080)
+
+	// Go through all the test cases, and run them against the running webserver.
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		dataReceived := getData(c.path, t)
+		if dataReceived != c.expectedData {
+			t.Errorf("Got %q, but expected %q", dataReceived, c.expectedData)
+		}
+	}
+
+	scoutingServer.Stop()
+}
+
+// Retrieves the data at the specified path. If an error occurs, the test case
+// is terminated and failed.
+func getData(path string, t *testing.T) string {
+	resp, err := http.Get(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:8080/%s", path))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to get data ", err)
+	}
+	// Error out if the return status is anything other than 200 OK.
+	if resp.Status != "200 OK" {
+		t.Fatalf("Received a status code other than 200")
+	}
+	// Read the response body.
+	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to read body")
+	}
+	// Decode the body and return it.
+	return string(body)
+}
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/page.txt b/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/page.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bb47e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/page.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello from a page!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/root.txt b/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/root.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f75b7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scouting/webserver/static/test_pages/root.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello, this is the root page!
\ No newline at end of file