Add code for talking to the Teensy's SPI peripheral

Change-Id: I3ddaa616e3f84fa74a2e7ab68726d5cb5cdbc9de
diff --git a/motors/peripheral/BUILD b/motors/peripheral/BUILD
index 2c71973..c8b63e9 100644
--- a/motors/peripheral/BUILD
+++ b/motors/peripheral/BUILD
@@ -90,3 +90,17 @@
         "//motors/core",
     ],
 )
+
+cc_library(
+    name = "spi",
+    srcs = ["spi.cc"],
+    hdrs = ["spi.h"],
+    restricted_to = mcu_cpus,
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+    deps = [
+        ":uart_buffer",
+        "//motors:util",
+        "//motors/core",
+        "//third_party/GSL",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/motors/peripheral/spi.cc b/motors/peripheral/spi.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0bb767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/motors/peripheral/spi.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+#include "motors/peripheral/spi.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "motors/core/time.h"
+
+namespace frc971 {
+namespace teensy {
+
+Spi::~Spi() {
+  DisableTransmitInterrupt();
+  DisableReceiveInterrupt();
+  FlushInterruptRequests();
+}
+
+void Spi::Initialize() {
+  // Use all the defaults (including slave mode).
+  mcr_value_ =
+      V_SPI_PCSIS(1) /* CS0 is active low. It appears to ignore this though? */;
+  module_->MCR = mcr_value_;
+  module_->CTAR[0] = V_SPI_FMSZ(7) /* 8 bit frames */ |
+                     M_SPI_CPOL /* Idle high clock */ |
+                     M_SPI_CPHA /* Data changed on leading clock edge */;
+}
+
+void Spi::ClearQueues() {
+  module_->MCR = mcr_value_ | M_SPI_HALT;
+  const bool receive_overflow = module_->SR & M_SPI_RFOF;
+  module_->MCR = mcr_value_ | M_SPI_CLR_TXF | M_SPI_CLR_RXF | M_SPI_DIS_TXF |
+                 M_SPI_DIS_RXF | M_SPI_HALT;
+  if (receive_overflow) {
+    (void)module_->POPR;
+  }
+  module_->SR = M_SPI_TFUF | M_SPI_TFFF | M_SPI_RFOF | M_SPI_RFDF;
+  module_->MCR = mcr_value_;
+}
+
+InterruptBufferedSpi::~InterruptBufferedSpi() {
+  spi_.DisableReceiveInterrupt();
+  spi_.FlushInterruptRequests();
+}
+
+void InterruptBufferedSpi::Initialize() {
+  spi_.Initialize();
+  transmit_buffer_.clear();
+  receive_buffer_.clear();
+  frames_to_receive_ = 0;
+}
+
+void InterruptBufferedSpi::ClearQueues(const DisableInterrupts &) {
+  spi_.ClearQueues();
+  transmit_buffer_.clear();
+  receive_buffer_.clear();
+  frames_to_receive_ = 0;
+  spi_.DisableTransmitInterrupt();
+  spi_.DisableReceiveInterrupt();
+  spi_.FlushInterruptRequests();
+}
+
+void InterruptBufferedSpi::Write(gsl::span<const char> data,
+                                 DisableInterrupts *disable_interrupts) {
+  frames_to_receive_ += data.size();
+  // Until we get all of the data queued, we'll call WriteFrames from our
+  // context, so don't enable the interrupt yet.
+  while (!data.empty()) {
+    const int bytes_written = transmit_buffer_.PushSpan(data);
+    data = data.subspan(bytes_written);
+    while (ReadAndWriteFrame(data.empty(), *disable_interrupts)) {
+    }
+    ReenableInterrupts{disable_interrupts};
+  }
+  // If there's still data queued, then we need to enable the interrupt so it
+  // can push it to the hardware.
+  if (!transmit_buffer_.empty()) {
+    spi_.EnableTransmitInterrupt();
+  }
+  if (frames_to_receive_ > 0) {
+    spi_.EnableReceiveInterrupt();
+  }
+  if (!transmit_buffer_.empty() || frames_to_receive_ > 0) {
+    spi_.FlushInterruptRequests();
+  }
+}
+
+gsl::span<char> InterruptBufferedSpi::Read(
+    gsl::span<char> buffer, DisableInterrupts *disable_interrupts) {
+  size_t bytes_read = 0;
+  {
+    const gsl::span<const char> read_data =
+        receive_buffer_.PopSpan(buffer.size());
+    std::copy(read_data.begin(), read_data.end(), buffer.begin());
+    bytes_read += read_data.size();
+  }
+
+  ReenableInterrupts{disable_interrupts};
+
+  {
+    const gsl::span<const char> read_data =
+        receive_buffer_.PopSpan(buffer.size() - bytes_read);
+    std::copy(read_data.begin(), read_data.end(),
+              buffer.subspan(bytes_read).begin());
+    bytes_read += read_data.size();
+  }
+
+  return buffer.first(bytes_read);
+}
+
+bool InterruptBufferedSpi::WriteFrame(bool disable_empty,
+                                      const DisableInterrupts &) {
+  if (transmit_buffer_.empty()) {
+    if (disable_empty) {
+      spi_.DisableTransmitInterrupt();
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!spi_.SpaceAvailable()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  spi_.WriteFrame(transmit_buffer_.PopSingle());
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool InterruptBufferedSpi::ReadFrame(const DisableInterrupts &) {
+  if (!spi_.DataAvailable()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const auto frame = spi_.ReadFrame();
+  --frames_to_receive_;
+  if (frames_to_receive_ <= 0) {
+    spi_.DisableReceiveInterrupt();
+  }
+  if (receive_buffer_.full()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  receive_buffer_.PushSingle(frame);
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace teensy
+}  // namespace frc971
diff --git a/motors/peripheral/spi.h b/motors/peripheral/spi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cfb385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/motors/peripheral/spi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+#ifndef MOTORS_PERIPHERAL_SPI_H_
+#define MOTORS_PERIPHERAL_SPI_H_
+
+#include "motors/core/kinetis.h"
+#include "motors/peripheral/uart_buffer.h"
+#include "motors/util.h"
+#include "third_party/GSL/include/gsl/gsl"
+
+namespace frc971 {
+namespace teensy {
+
+// Simple synchronous interface to a SPI peripheral.
+class Spi {
+ public:
+  Spi(KINETISK_SPI_t *module, int module_clock_frequency)
+      : module_(module), module_clock_frequency_(module_clock_frequency) {}
+  Spi(const Spi &) = delete;
+  ~Spi();
+  Spi &operator=(const Spi &) = delete;
+
+  // Currently hard-coded for slave mode with the parameters we want. In the
+  // future, we should add more setters to configure things in more detail.
+  void Initialize();
+
+  // Cleras all the hardware queues.
+  void ClearQueues();
+
+  bool SpaceAvailable() const { return module_->SR & M_SPI_TFFF; }
+  // Only call this if SpaceAvailable() has just returned true.
+  void WriteFrame(uint32_t frame_flags) {
+    module_->PUSHR = frame_flags;
+    module_->SR = M_SPI_TFFF;
+  }
+
+  bool DataAvailable() const { return module_->SR & M_SPI_RFDF; }
+  // Only call this if DataAvailable() has just returned true.
+  uint16_t ReadFrame() {
+    const uint16_t result = module_->POPR;
+    module_->SR = M_SPI_RFDF;
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Calling code must synchronize all of these.
+  void EnableTransmitInterrupt() {
+    rser_value_ |= M_SPI_TFFF_RE;
+  }
+  void DisableTransmitInterrupt() {
+    rser_value_ &= ~M_SPI_TFFF_RE;
+  }
+  void EnableReceiveInterrupt() {
+    rser_value_ |= M_SPI_RFDF_RE;
+  }
+  void DisableReceiveInterrupt() {
+    rser_value_ &= ~M_SPI_RFDF_RE;
+  }
+  void FlushInterruptRequests() {
+    module_->RSER = rser_value_;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  KINETISK_SPI_t *const module_;
+  const int module_clock_frequency_;
+
+  // What we put in RSER.
+  uint32_t rser_value_ = 0;
+
+  // What we put in MCR.
+  uint32_t mcr_value_ = 0;
+};
+
+// Interrupt-based buffered interface to a SPI peripheral.
+class InterruptBufferedSpi {
+ public:
+  InterruptBufferedSpi(KINETISK_SPI_t *module, int module_clock_frequency)
+      : spi_(module, module_clock_frequency) {}
+  ~InterruptBufferedSpi();
+
+  // Provides access to the underlying Spi wrapper for configuration. Don't do
+  // anything else with this object besides configure it.
+  Spi *spi() { return &spi_; }
+
+  void Initialize();
+
+  // Clears all of the queues, in both hardware and software.
+  //
+  // Note that this still leaves a to-be-transmitted byte queued.
+  void ClearQueues(const DisableInterrupts &);
+
+  // Queues up the given data for immediate writing. Blocks only if the queue
+  // fills up before all of data is enqueued.
+  void Write(gsl::span<const char> data, DisableInterrupts *disable_interrupts);
+
+  // Reads currently available data.
+  // Returns all the data which is currently available (possibly none);
+  // buffer is where to store the result. The return value will be a subspan of
+  // this.
+  gsl::span<char> Read(gsl::span<char> buffer,
+                       DisableInterrupts *disable_interrupts);
+
+  // Should be called as the body of the interrupt handler.
+  void HandleInterrupt(const DisableInterrupts &disable_interrupts) {
+    while (ReadAndWriteFrame(true, disable_interrupts)) {}
+    spi_.FlushInterruptRequests();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool WriteFrame(bool disable_empty, const DisableInterrupts &);
+  bool ReadFrame(const DisableInterrupts &);
+  bool ReadAndWriteFrame(bool disable_empty,
+                         const DisableInterrupts &disable_interrupts) {
+    const bool read = ReadFrame(disable_interrupts);
+    const bool written = WriteFrame(disable_empty, disable_interrupts);
+    return read || written;
+  }
+
+  Spi spi_;
+  UartBuffer<1024> transmit_buffer_, receive_buffer_;
+  // The number of frames we should receive before stopping.
+  int frames_to_receive_ = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace teensy
+}  // namespace frc971
+
+#endif  // MOTORS_PERIPHERAL_SPI_H_
diff --git a/motors/peripheral/uart_buffer.h b/motors/peripheral/uart_buffer.h
index 879ab5c..19015bb 100644
--- a/motors/peripheral/uart_buffer.h
+++ b/motors/peripheral/uart_buffer.h
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   // Returns the number of characters added.
   __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) int PushSpan(gsl::span<const char> data);
 
-  // max is the maximum size the returned spans should be.
+  // max is the maximum size the returned span should be.
   // The data in the result is only valid until another method is called.
   // Note that this may not return all available data when doing so would
   // require wrapping around, but it will always return a non-empty span if any
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
   bool empty() const { return size_ == 0; }
   bool full() const { return size_ == kSize; }
 
+  void clear() { size_ = 0; }
+
   // This may only be called when !empty().
   char PopSingle();
   // This may only be called when !full().