Extract common charuco detection code into charuco_lib

This lets us reuse all the charuco extraction code when we do extrinsics
calibration soon.  We really just want a callback with the detected
board.

Change-Id: If806b026cc67bf9e7b61935f93b1902acdcb2783
Signed-off-by: Austin Schuh <austin.linux@gmail.com>
diff --git a/y2020/vision/calibration.cc b/y2020/vision/calibration.cc
index 68002db..517e65c 100644
--- a/y2020/vision/calibration.cc
+++ b/y2020/vision/calibration.cc
@@ -1,332 +1,184 @@
-// These need to come before opencv, or they don't compile. Presumably opencv
-// #defines something annoying.
-// clang-format off
 #include "Eigen/Dense"
 #include "Eigen/Geometry"
-// clang-format on
 
-#include <opencv2/aruco/charuco.hpp>
 #include <opencv2/calib3d.hpp>
-#include <opencv2/core/eigen.hpp>
-#include <opencv2/features2d.hpp>
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
 
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+#include "y2020/vision/charuco_lib.h"
 #include "aos/events/shm_event_loop.h"
 #include "aos/init.h"
 #include "aos/network/team_number.h"
 #include "aos/time/time.h"
 #include "aos/util/file.h"
-#include "frc971/control_loops/drivetrain/improved_down_estimator.h"
-#include "y2020/vision/sift/sift_generated.h"
-#include "y2020/vision/sift/sift_training_generated.h"
-#include "y2020/vision/tools/python_code/sift_training_data.h"
-#include "y2020/vision/vision_generated.h"
 
 DEFINE_string(config, "config.json", "Path to the config file to use.");
 DEFINE_string(pi, "pi-7971-1", "Pi name to calibrate.");
 DEFINE_string(calibration_folder, "y2020/vision/tools/python_code/calib_files",
               "Folder to place calibration files.");
-DEFINE_bool(large_board, true, "If true, use the large calibration board.");
-DEFINE_bool(coarse_pattern, true, "If true, use coarse arucos; else, use fine");
 DEFINE_bool(display_undistorted, false,
             "If true, display the undistorted image.");
-DEFINE_string(board_template_path, "",
-              "If specified, write an image to the specified path for the "
-              "charuco board pattern.");
-DEFINE_uint32(min_targets, 10,
-              "The mininum number of targets required to match.");
 
 namespace frc971 {
 namespace vision {
 
-class CameraCalibration {
+class Calibration {
  public:
-  CameraCalibration(const absl::Span<const uint8_t> training_data_bfbs) {
-    const aos::FlatbufferSpan<sift::TrainingData> training_data(
-        training_data_bfbs);
-    CHECK(training_data.Verify());
-    camera_calibration_ = FindCameraCalibration(&training_data.message());
+  Calibration(aos::ShmEventLoop *event_loop, std::string_view pi)
+      : event_loop_(event_loop),
+        pi_(pi),
+        pi_number_(aos::network::ParsePiNumber(pi)),
+        charuco_extractor_(
+            event_loop, pi,
+            [this](cv::Mat rgb_image, const double age_double,
+                   std::vector<int> charuco_ids,
+                   std::vector<cv::Point2f> charuco_corners, bool valid,
+                   Eigen::Vector3d rvec_eigen, Eigen::Vector3d tvec_eigen) {
+              HandleCharuco(rgb_image, age_double, charuco_ids, charuco_corners,
+                            valid, rvec_eigen, tvec_eigen);
+            }) {
+    CHECK(pi_number_) << ": Invalid pi number " << pi
+                      << ", failed to parse pi number";
   }
 
-  cv::Mat CameraIntrinsics() const {
-    const cv::Mat result(3, 3, CV_32F,
-                         const_cast<void *>(static_cast<const void *>(
-                             camera_calibration_->intrinsics()->data())));
-    CHECK_EQ(result.total(), camera_calibration_->intrinsics()->size());
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  cv::Mat CameraDistCoeffs() const {
-    const cv::Mat result(5, 1, CV_32F,
-                         const_cast<void *>(static_cast<const void *>(
-                             camera_calibration_->dist_coeffs()->data())));
-    CHECK_EQ(result.total(), camera_calibration_->dist_coeffs()->size());
-    return result;
-  }
-
- private:
-  const sift::CameraCalibration *FindCameraCalibration(
-      const sift::TrainingData *const training_data) const {
-    std::optional<uint16_t> pi_number = aos::network::ParsePiNumber(FLAGS_pi);
-    std::optional<uint16_t> team_number =
-        aos::network::team_number_internal::ParsePiTeamNumber(FLAGS_pi);
-    CHECK(pi_number);
-    CHECK(team_number);
-    const std::string node_name = absl::StrFormat("pi%d", pi_number.value());
-    LOG(INFO) << "Looking for node name " << node_name << " team number "
-              << team_number.value();
-    for (const sift::CameraCalibration *candidate :
-         *training_data->camera_calibrations()) {
-      if (candidate->node_name()->string_view() != node_name) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      if (candidate->team_number() != team_number.value()) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      return candidate;
-    }
-    LOG(FATAL) << ": Failed to find camera calibration for " << node_name
-               << " on " << team_number.value();
-  }
-
-  const sift::CameraCalibration *camera_calibration_;
-};
-
-namespace {
-
-void ViewerMain() {
-  aos::FlatbufferDetachedBuffer<aos::Configuration> config =
-      aos::configuration::ReadConfig(FLAGS_config);
-
-  aos::ShmEventLoop event_loop(&config.message());
-
-  const CameraCalibration calibration(SiftTrainingData());
-
-  cv::Ptr<cv::aruco::Dictionary> dictionary =
-      cv::aruco::getPredefinedDictionary(FLAGS_large_board
-                                             ? cv::aruco::DICT_5X5_250
-                                             : cv::aruco::DICT_6X6_250);
-
-  LOG(INFO) << "Using " << (FLAGS_large_board ? "large" : "small")
-            << " board with " << (FLAGS_coarse_pattern ? "coarse" : "fine")
-            << " pattern";
-  cv::Ptr<cv::aruco::CharucoBoard> board =
-      FLAGS_large_board
-          ? (FLAGS_coarse_pattern ? cv::aruco::CharucoBoard::create(
-                                        12, 9, 0.06, 0.04666, dictionary)
-                                  : cv::aruco::CharucoBoard::create(
-                                        25, 18, 0.03, 0.0233, dictionary))
-          : (FLAGS_coarse_pattern ? cv::aruco::CharucoBoard::create(
-                                        7, 5, 0.04, 0.025, dictionary)
-                                  // TODO: Need to figure out what size is
-                                  // for small board, fine pattern
-                                  : cv::aruco::CharucoBoard::create(
-                                        7, 5, 0.03, 0.0233, dictionary));
-
-  if (!FLAGS_board_template_path.empty()) {
-    cv::Mat board_image;
-    board->draw(cv::Size(600, 500), board_image, 10, 1);
-    cv::imwrite(FLAGS_board_template_path, board_image);
-  }
-
-  std::vector<std::vector<int>> all_charuco_ids;
-  std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point2f>> all_charuco_corners;
-
-  const cv::Mat camera_matrix = calibration.CameraIntrinsics();
-  Eigen::Matrix3d eigen_camera_matrix;
-  cv::cv2eigen(camera_matrix, eigen_camera_matrix);
-
-  const cv::Mat dist_coeffs = calibration.CameraDistCoeffs();
-  LOG(INFO) << "Camera matrix " << camera_matrix;
-  LOG(INFO) << "Distortion Coefficients " << dist_coeffs;
-
-  std::optional<uint16_t> pi_number = aos::network::ParsePiNumber(FLAGS_pi);
-  CHECK(pi_number) << ": Invalid pi number " << FLAGS_pi
-                   << ", failed to parse pi number";
-
-  const std::string channel =
-      absl::StrCat("/pi", std::to_string(pi_number.value()), "/camera");
-  LOG(INFO) << "Connecting to channel " << channel;
-
-  event_loop.MakeWatcher(channel, [&event_loop, &board, &all_charuco_ids,
-                                   &all_charuco_corners, camera_matrix,
-                                   dist_coeffs, eigen_camera_matrix](
-                                      const CameraImage &image) {
-    const aos::monotonic_clock::duration age =
-        event_loop.monotonic_now() - event_loop.context().monotonic_event_time;
-    const double age_double =
-        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<double>>(age).count();
-    if (age > std::chrono::milliseconds(100)) {
-      LOG(INFO) << "Age: " << age_double << ", getting behind, skipping";
-      return;
-    }
-    // Create color image:
-    cv::Mat image_color_mat(cv::Size(image.cols(), image.rows()), CV_8UC2,
-                            (void *)image.data()->data());
-    const cv::Size image_size(image.cols(), image.rows());
-    cv::Mat rgb_image(image_size, CV_8UC3);
-    cv::cvtColor(image_color_mat, rgb_image, CV_YUV2BGR_YUYV);
-
-    std::vector<int> marker_ids;
-    std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point2f>> marker_corners;
-
-    cv::aruco::detectMarkers(rgb_image, board->dictionary, marker_corners,
-                             marker_ids);
-
-    std::vector<cv::Point2f> charuco_corners;
-    std::vector<int> charuco_ids;
-    // If at least one marker detected
-    if (marker_ids.size() >= FLAGS_min_targets) {
-      // Run everything twice, once with the calibration, and once without.
-      // This lets us both calibrate, and also print out the pose real time
-      // with the previous calibration.
-      cv::aruco::interpolateCornersCharuco(marker_corners, marker_ids,
-                                           rgb_image, board, charuco_corners,
-                                           charuco_ids);
-
-      std::vector<cv::Point2f> charuco_corners_with_calibration;
-      std::vector<int> charuco_ids_with_calibration;
-
-      cv::aruco::interpolateCornersCharuco(
-          marker_corners, marker_ids, rgb_image, board,
-          charuco_corners_with_calibration, charuco_ids_with_calibration,
-          camera_matrix, dist_coeffs);
-
-      cv::aruco::drawDetectedMarkers(rgb_image, marker_corners, marker_ids);
-
-      if (charuco_ids.size() >= FLAGS_min_targets) {
-        cv::aruco::drawDetectedCornersCharuco(
-            rgb_image, charuco_corners, charuco_ids, cv::Scalar(255, 0, 0));
-
-        cv::Vec3d rvec, tvec;
-        bool valid = cv::aruco::estimatePoseCharucoBoard(
-            charuco_corners_with_calibration, charuco_ids_with_calibration,
-            board, camera_matrix, dist_coeffs, rvec, tvec);
-
-        // if charuco pose is valid
-        if (valid) {
-          LOG(INFO) << std::fixed << std::setprecision(6)
-                    << "Age: " << age_double << ", Pose is R:" << rvec
-                    << " T:" << tvec;
-          cv::aruco::drawAxis(rgb_image, camera_matrix, dist_coeffs, rvec, tvec,
-                              0.1);
-        } else {
-          LOG(INFO) << "Age: " << age_double << ", invalid pose";
-        }
-      } else {
-        LOG(INFO) << "Age: " << age_double << ", no charuco IDs.";
-      }
-    } else {
-      LOG(INFO) << "Age: " << age_double << ", no marker IDs";
-    }
-
+  void HandleCharuco(cv::Mat rgb_image, const double /*age_double*/,
+                     std::vector<int> charuco_ids,
+                     std::vector<cv::Point2f> charuco_corners, bool valid,
+                     Eigen::Vector3d /*rvec_eigen*/,
+                     Eigen::Vector3d /*tvec_eigen*/) {
     cv::imshow("Display", rgb_image);
 
     if (FLAGS_display_undistorted) {
+      const cv::Size image_size(rgb_image.cols, rgb_image.rows);
       cv::Mat undistorted_rgb_image(image_size, CV_8UC3);
-      cv::undistort(rgb_image, undistorted_rgb_image, camera_matrix,
-                    dist_coeffs);
+      cv::undistort(rgb_image, undistorted_rgb_image,
+                    charuco_extractor_.camera_matrix(),
+                    charuco_extractor_.dist_coeffs());
 
       cv::imshow("Display undist", undistorted_rgb_image);
     }
 
     int keystroke = cv::waitKey(1);
     if ((keystroke & 0xFF) == static_cast<int>('c')) {
-      if (charuco_ids.size() >= FLAGS_min_targets) {
-        all_charuco_ids.emplace_back(std::move(charuco_ids));
-        all_charuco_corners.emplace_back(std::move(charuco_corners));
-        LOG(INFO) << "Image " << all_charuco_corners.size();
+      if (valid) {
+        all_charuco_ids_.emplace_back(std::move(charuco_ids));
+        all_charuco_corners_.emplace_back(std::move(charuco_corners));
+        LOG(INFO) << "Image " << all_charuco_corners_.size();
       }
 
-      if (all_charuco_ids.size() >= 50) {
+      if (all_charuco_ids_.size() >= 50) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Got enough images to calibrate";
-        event_loop.Exit();
+        event_loop_->Exit();
       }
     } else if ((keystroke & 0xFF) == static_cast<int>('q')) {
-      event_loop.Exit();
+      event_loop_->Exit();
     }
-  });
+  }
+
+  void MaybeCalibrate() {
+    if (all_charuco_ids_.size() >= 50) {
+      cv::Mat cameraMatrix, distCoeffs;
+      std::vector<cv::Mat> rvecs, tvecs;
+      cv::Mat stdDeviationsIntrinsics, stdDeviationsExtrinsics, perViewErrors;
+
+      // Set calibration flags (same as in calibrateCamera() function)
+      int calibration_flags = 0;
+      cv::Size img_size(640, 480);
+      const double reprojection_error = cv::aruco::calibrateCameraCharuco(
+          all_charuco_corners_, all_charuco_ids_, charuco_extractor_.board(),
+          img_size, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, rvecs, tvecs,
+          stdDeviationsIntrinsics, stdDeviationsExtrinsics, perViewErrors,
+          calibration_flags);
+      CHECK_LE(reprojection_error, 1.0) << ": Reproduction error is bad.";
+      LOG(INFO) << "Reprojection Error is " << reprojection_error;
+
+      flatbuffers::FlatBufferBuilder fbb;
+      flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::String> name_offset =
+          fbb.CreateString(absl::StrFormat("pi%d", pi_number_.value()));
+      flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::Vector<float>> intrinsics_offset =
+          fbb.CreateVector<float>(9u, [&cameraMatrix](size_t i) {
+            return static_cast<float>(
+                reinterpret_cast<double *>(cameraMatrix.data)[i]);
+          });
+
+      flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::Vector<float>>
+          distortion_coefficients_offset =
+              fbb.CreateVector<float>(5u, [&distCoeffs](size_t i) {
+                return static_cast<float>(
+                    reinterpret_cast<double *>(distCoeffs.data)[i]);
+              });
+
+      sift::CameraCalibration::Builder camera_calibration_builder(fbb);
+      std::optional<uint16_t> team_number =
+          aos::network::team_number_internal::ParsePiTeamNumber(pi_);
+      CHECK(team_number) << ": Invalid pi hostname " << pi_
+                         << ", failed to parse team number";
+
+      const aos::realtime_clock::time_point realtime_now =
+          aos::realtime_clock::now();
+      camera_calibration_builder.add_node_name(name_offset);
+      camera_calibration_builder.add_team_number(team_number.value());
+      camera_calibration_builder.add_calibration_timestamp(
+          realtime_now.time_since_epoch().count());
+      camera_calibration_builder.add_intrinsics(intrinsics_offset);
+      camera_calibration_builder.add_dist_coeffs(
+          distortion_coefficients_offset);
+      fbb.Finish(camera_calibration_builder.Finish());
+
+      aos::FlatbufferDetachedBuffer<sift::CameraCalibration> camera_calibration(
+          fbb.Release());
+      std::stringstream time_ss;
+      time_ss << realtime_now;
+
+      const std::string calibration_filename =
+          FLAGS_calibration_folder +
+          absl::StrFormat("/calibration_pi-%d-%d_%s.json", team_number.value(),
+                          pi_number_.value(), time_ss.str());
+
+      LOG(INFO) << calibration_filename << " -> "
+                << aos::FlatbufferToJson(camera_calibration,
+                                         {.multi_line = true});
+
+      aos::util::WriteStringToFileOrDie(
+          calibration_filename,
+          aos::FlatbufferToJson(camera_calibration, {.multi_line = true}));
+    } else {
+      LOG(INFO) << "Skipping calibration due to not enough images.";
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  aos::ShmEventLoop *event_loop_;
+  std::string pi_;
+  const std::optional<uint16_t> pi_number_;
+
+  std::vector<std::vector<int>> all_charuco_ids_;
+  std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point2f>> all_charuco_corners_;
+
+  CharucoExtractor charuco_extractor_;
+};
+
+namespace {
+
+void Main() {
+  aos::FlatbufferDetachedBuffer<aos::Configuration> config =
+      aos::configuration::ReadConfig(FLAGS_config);
+
+  aos::ShmEventLoop event_loop(&config.message());
+
+  Calibration extractor(&event_loop, FLAGS_pi);
 
   event_loop.Run();
 
-  if (all_charuco_ids.size() >= 50) {
-    cv::Mat cameraMatrix, distCoeffs;
-    std::vector<cv::Mat> rvecs, tvecs;
-    cv::Mat stdDeviationsIntrinsics, stdDeviationsExtrinsics, perViewErrors;
-
-    // Set calibration flags (same than in calibrateCamera() function)
-    int calibration_flags = 0;
-    cv::Size img_size(640, 480);
-    const double reprojection_error = cv::aruco::calibrateCameraCharuco(
-        all_charuco_corners, all_charuco_ids, board, img_size, cameraMatrix,
-        distCoeffs, rvecs, tvecs, stdDeviationsIntrinsics,
-        stdDeviationsExtrinsics, perViewErrors, calibration_flags);
-    CHECK_LE(reprojection_error, 1.0) << ": Reproduction error is bad.";
-    LOG(INFO) << "Reprojection Error is " << reprojection_error;
-
-    flatbuffers::FlatBufferBuilder fbb;
-    flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::String> name_offset =
-        fbb.CreateString(absl::StrFormat("pi%d", pi_number.value()));
-    flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::Vector<float>> intrinsics_offset =
-        fbb.CreateVector<float>(9u, [&cameraMatrix](size_t i) {
-          return static_cast<float>(
-              reinterpret_cast<double *>(cameraMatrix.data)[i]);
-        });
-
-    flatbuffers::Offset<flatbuffers::Vector<float>>
-        distortion_coefficients_offset =
-            fbb.CreateVector<float>(5u, [&distCoeffs](size_t i) {
-              return static_cast<float>(
-                  reinterpret_cast<double *>(distCoeffs.data)[i]);
-            });
-
-    sift::CameraCalibration::Builder camera_calibration_builder(fbb);
-    std::optional<uint16_t> team_number =
-        aos::network::team_number_internal::ParsePiTeamNumber(FLAGS_pi);
-    CHECK(team_number) << ": Invalid pi hostname " << FLAGS_pi
-                       << ", failed to parse team number";
-
-    const aos::realtime_clock::time_point realtime_now =
-        aos::realtime_clock::now();
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_node_name(name_offset);
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_team_number(team_number.value());
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_calibration_timestamp(
-        realtime_now.time_since_epoch().count());
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_intrinsics(intrinsics_offset);
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_dist_coeffs(distortion_coefficients_offset);
-    camera_calibration_builder.add_dist_coeffs(distortion_coefficients_offset);
-    fbb.Finish(camera_calibration_builder.Finish());
-
-    aos::FlatbufferDetachedBuffer<sift::CameraCalibration> camera_calibration(
-        fbb.Release());
-    std::stringstream time_ss;
-    time_ss << realtime_now;
-
-    const std::string calibration_filename =
-        FLAGS_calibration_folder +
-        absl::StrFormat("/calibration_pi-%d-%d_%s.json", team_number.value(),
-                        pi_number.value(), time_ss.str());
-
-    LOG(INFO) << calibration_filename << " -> "
-              << aos::FlatbufferToJson(camera_calibration,
-                                       {.multi_line = true});
-
-    aos::util::WriteStringToFileOrDie(
-        calibration_filename,
-        aos::FlatbufferToJson(camera_calibration, {.multi_line = true}));
-  } else {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Skipping calibration due to not enough images.";
-  }
+  extractor.MaybeCalibrate();
 }
 
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vision
 }  // namespace frc971
 
-// Quick and lightweight grayscale viewer for images
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   aos::InitGoogle(&argc, &argv);
-  frc971::vision::ViewerMain();
+  frc971::vision::Main();
 }